The testing of the semiconductor dies produced by a wafer fabrication plant involves a long series of operations requiring meticulous care. The time spent performing these tests markedly affects both ...

Based on complex numerical algorithms programs are used in many areas of life. They track changes in stock prices of companies on the largest stock exchanges, solve complex logistic problems while ...

Many photovoltaic (PV) devices, such as PV panels and concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) modules, require outdoor testing for design verification, durability, and safety. A low-cost means of testing the ...

How does Google's search actually work? The answer is both simple and complicated, demonstrable and secret. Every time it tweaks its algorithm, it tests the changes with a group of "search quality ...

COMPUTERS are getting ethical. A new approach for testing whether algorithms contain hidden biases aims to prevent automated systems from perpetuating human discrimination. Machine learning is ...